UPDATE: 4/7/10

The Fresno Bee has caught up with coverage of this fascinating building and interesting sequence of events that led to its discovery. Reporter, George Hostetter wrote the article that is feature on the website and on the front page of today’s paper.

Though, you may notice that the story told below starting on March 26th, written about on the 29th and updated since then is different from the story told in the Bee. From reading Mr. Hostetter’s article, you would have no knowledge of the tense series of events that happened moments after the facade was uncovered, including the diligent work of Joe Moore, Karana Hattersly-Drayton and Elliot Balch.

Granted the story is much more from the owner’s perspective. But reading the article I doubted myself, and that perhaps I missed something. However, looking back on corespondance, I had sent an email with link to owner, . He did not contest any of the facts I presented and responded with:

Thank you for your generous and helpful mention of my building. The use of the upper floors depends on the potential users who have an interest in locating their businesses there. My architect Gonzalo Pedroso of GP Architecture and I are open to ideas, and we will work to configure the space to meet the user’s needs. Suggested uses have been commercial or government offices, data center, and a school… – Robert Gurfield

I’d also emailed George Hostetter with a link to the article, leaving it open for him to quote or ask any questions. His response “Thank you very much, Kiel. That’s a great article you wrote. – George” I am sending an email to him to get any clarification about why the story was altered for his article. I will post any response here.

So I’m at a loss. At least the building facade is saved for the future of Fresno. That is what counts. Oh, and please note the owner and architect are “open to ideas” So continue to suggest uses for the Kress Building below.

UPDATE: 4/2/10

I had the owner’s name wrong in my post. The owner is Robert Gurfield. The contractor is William Cummings. I’ve corrected it below.

UPDATE: 3/31/10

We have word from the City of Fresno that the owner of the Kress Building, Robert Gurfield, has reconsidered the design he had approved. The owner, like everyone else didn’t know what was beneath the 1950’s facade. The owner’s new approach will be to keep the original facade intact. He will not be doing much restoration or preservation work. This may be more about cost savings than anything else.

The planned uses seem to be unchanged, with ground floor retail (1-2 tenants) and offices on the third floor (4 suites). There is also a meetingroom, breakroom and restrooms on the 2nd floor mezzanine in the back. There is not yet a use planned for the newly discovered 2nd floor mezzanine in the front.

The owner will likely have to have the architect, GP Architecture, prepare new plans. This maybe an addendum, or major modification to the plans already approved. I doubt the city would make the owner resubmit and go through the entire approval process again.

Lets keep our fingers crossed.

ORIGINAL POST 3-29-10

Fresno is a place where a stroll up the Fulton Mall can spark an effort to save a facade eligible for historic designation.

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That’s what happened to me on Friday. I was at the Downtown Association at the South end of the Fulton Mall after a birthday lunch at El Elegante in Chinatown.

Strolling up the Fulton Mall, between the Marisopa Mall and Fresno Street there was a construction site with several men at work on the awning of a building. There was a young girl of 5 or 6 glued to the temporary chain-link fence watching a worker with a sawzall attacking the awning.

I actually kept walking, then turned around to get a better look. What I saw when I actually looked, was a remarkable well preserved 1920’s facade. The cladding material was aged but still stable. The details were intact, displaying the craftsmanship of the era. Other than some broken windows and the metal channels that were screwed on to hold on the white sheet metal paneling.

I took a picture and sent it out for the world to see via twitter. At that time I thought that the construction work was to restore the original facade. I later found out that was not the case.

Local historic guru and Historic Preservation Commissioner, Joe Moore, saw my tweet and sprung into action. He forward y twitpic to City of Fresno Historic Preservation Officer, Karana Hattersley-Drayton. Soon the email chain involved Elliott Balch of the Downtown and Community Revitalization Department and John Dugan, the Planning Director.

From this back and forth I gathered that plans for a modernized facade had been approved and that was the work underway. Drawing for the project had been produces for owner out of Santa Monica, Robert Gurfield, by Moorpark architectural firm GP Architecture and contractor William Cummings

So what now? Elliott Balch is now in communication with the owner to demonstrate the valuable asset that he has on his hands. The hope is that the owner sees the light and decides to amend the approved plans to preserve this potentially historic facade.

So there you go, the power of a tweet. So keep your eyes open and camera phones at the ready. Oh, and just to be clear, I actually did very little. All the hard work was on the part of Elliott, Joe and Karana. I just take pictures and write about buildings.

Here is some info from Joe Moore’s email:

An October 27 1960 ad in the Fresno Bee (page 7E) makes reference to Kress being in the Fresno market for 36 years (1924). That date sounds about right given the architectural style and construction methods of the building (steel reinforced concrete with brick). Perhaps a Felchlin building? The alley side of the building reveals the concrete and steel construction.

The 1960 ad talks about Kress’ modern store at 1211 Fulton. A later 1973 article about Fresno cinemas mentions that Kress relocated their downtown store to the site of the former Kinema Theatre location (1211 Fulton) in 1957. This is now part of the County Health Dept complex, next to the Brix Building.

A hand painted sign, still evident today on the back of 1118 Fulton advertises the Hartfield Store on Fulton Mall, which is corroborated by vintage newspaper ads of the 1960’s.

In addition a July 5, 1924 Bee article about the construction of the Radin and Kamp Building at Fulton and Tulare makes reference to Kress, suggesting that they had been considering the Radin & Kamp site as a location for the construction of a new store.

At this point, while it’s too early to say for certain, I would presume that Kress built the 1118 Fulton building in 1924, and stayed there until 1957 when they moved to 1211 Fulton. 1118 was then remodeled for Hartfield which occupied the building till at least 1969.

Also of note: the National Building Museum in Washington DC is home to the archives of the Kress corporation, including thousands of original plans and photographs. Kress used architecture to differentiate their store from their competitors, Woolwoorth and Kresgee:

S.H. Kress & Co. (1896–1981) was one of the 20th century’s most prosperous variety-store retailers. Though never the largest chain, Kress maintained the highest per-store sales of any five-and-dime retailer for more than 20 years, beginning in 1927. The creation of an architectural division within the company played a key role in both attracting customers and facilitating sales.

Samuel H. Kress (1863–1955) envisioned his stores as works of public art that would contribute to the cityscape. To distinguish his stores from those of his competitors, namely F.W. Woolworth Co. and S.S. Kresge Co., he hired staff architects. Kress achieved retail branding success not merely through standardized signage and graphics, but through distinctive architecture and efficient design. Regardless of their style, from elaborate Gothic Revival to streamlined Art Deco, Kress stores were designed to be integral parts of their business districts and helped define Main Street America.

In 1989, the Museum secured the company’s building records, including thousands of drawings and photographs relating to the design, construction, and operation of more than 200 stores stretching from New York to Hawaii. The collection strikingly conveys the changing role architecture has played in recent retail history.
Also here’s an interesting write up on the restoration of the Kress building in Savannah, GA.

A few week back I stumbled upon the first blog post I wrote on Fresno Famous. That was two years ago. I wrote a handful of posts on Famous before eventually branching out and creating this site.

It’s awesome to see that I’ve implemented many of those ideas set back then. We’ve made great progress together. Yet so much work remains to be done. Below is that first post I wrote. Big shout out to Fresno Famous for fostering so many bloggers over the years and to Paprika Studios and for developing and helping maintain this site.

Fresno’s First Architecture and Built Environment Blog

Submitted by kiel on Wed, 01/09/2008 – 22:59.

I’m proud to announce the launch of the first and only blog dedicated to architecture and the built environment of Fresno, California. We are at a critical point for Fresno as a city and as a regional leader. Fresno’s built environment and how we choose to develop it will play a key role in our quality of life, success, healthy growth, and maturation, or our stagnation, and failure to achieve our true potential.

Education and public discourse are essential elements of progress. This blog aims to be a platform for progress toward an improved built environment in Fresno. Everything is interconnected. To truly understand this complex and dynamic topic we will take a holistic view at Architecture, Landscape Architecture, City & Regional Planning, and the Construction Industry.

Content
Content to be included will be: interviews with leading and emerging design professionals, building reviews, comments on City Council agenda items, other governmental actions, and community news from an architectural point of view.

You can also expect blog entries on my experiences as an architect in training. Architecture is a unique career path full of: continuous education, diverse styles and points of view, frustrations, hectic deadlines, creativity, and highly visible impacts. My experiences should make for some interesting reading. If nothing else it will keep me writing and give me an outlet for celebration of architecture.

Your participation is an important part of this effort. I encourage you to contribute to this blogs content. Please comment on and discuss any of the topics I post.

Goals:
Along with many of my activities, the goal of this blog is to educate and inspire interest in an improved built environment. Buildings and landscapes have a strong impact on our happiness and quality of life. Good buildings, good landscapes, good planning equals a high standard of living for all, that is the goal.

This will tie in with the efforts and goals of the successful ArcHop event with a written compliment. I will give periodic updates and opportunities for input on and involvement in this event as it matures and grows. See www.fresnofamous.com/archop_and_we_don%E2%80%99t_stop for a discussion on January’s ArcHop.

Upcoming Posts:
Review of the San Joaquin Valley Housing Symposium www.sjvhousing.com
Review of California Avenue community design workshop

Topics to watch:
Mayoral Race
City and County 10 Year Plan to End Homelessness
Metro Rural Loop
ArcHop
Downtown Housing

Disclaimer:
This is the personal blog of Kiel Famellos-Schmidt and in does not necessarily reflect the opinions, views, or objectives of the American Institute of Architects: San Joaquin, ArcHop sponsors, Fresno Famous, the Tower District Design Review Committee, or my employer the Taylor Teter Partnership.

I’d like to thank Fresno Famous for providing a platform for this important discussion. And thank you for your readership.

Kiel Famellos-Schmidt

In the 2nd edition of fresh, let me introduce Dan Stark. Thanks goes out to architect James Tomlin for making the introduction over lunch. We shared stories about traveling in Nicaragua and a shared passion for sustainability. Below are Dan’s words regarding, growing up, education, notable experiences, travel, architectural interests, and finally the Fresno move.

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Growing Up
I’m originally from Rhode Island just outside of Providence. Growing up in New England I did plenty of camping and many of my childhood memories involve being outside – from fishing on the beach near my house to a 30 day back country canoe trip in Northern Quebec. I did lots of biking, hiking, skiing etc. with my family and friends and I still love bike touring. I think that my early years in the outdoors has informed my life in a lot of ways including my interest in environmentalism. One of my earlier interests in architecture was based on its potential as a positive environmental force.
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Education
I attended the University of Oregon, graduating with a Bachelor of Architecture in 2002. I was brought to Oregon by my desire to see more of the country and by the school’s reputation as a hotbed for environmental design. There was much I loved about Oregon but the Willamette Valley was too rainy for me so after graduation I moved back to Rhode Island.
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Notable Experiences
I lived and worked in Providence for 5 years at a firm called Brewster Thornton Rapp Architects. Providence is one of my favorite cities. It is as close to a European city as I’ve seen on this side of the Atlantic with a lot of historical buildings and it is mostly lacking the Jeffersonian grid that seems to be so prevalent in Fresno and California. BTRA was a great place for me to learn my profession, a small firm specializing in mostly high end New England residential architecture, kind of the heir to shingle style design ala McKim, Mead & White. I appreciate the focus on craft and the close work I was able to do with some talented builders while there.
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Travel
I’ve been lucky enough to do some traveling in my life and I hope to do much more in the future. While in school I spent 6 months in Denmark studying the architecture of some of my favorites including Aalto and the great Danish modernists Arne Jacobsen (1, 2) and Henning Larsen (1, 2) . I really like the clean Danish/Scandinavian modernism, in that it retains a lot of regional character that I feel is lost in much of modernism and of course internationalism.
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Architectural Interest
My main architectural interests are passive solar design, tectonics and craft. A great example of someone who is able to incorporate all three of these interests into the built environment, and my favorite architect, is Peter Zumthor (1, 2, 3, 4), check him out if you haven’t already. I did get to visit some of his buildings while in Switzerland and they are so sensual, they actually smell different than architecture and I’m sure that this is something that he actually thinks about.
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The Fresno Move
After living in Providence I spent 3 months traveling in Central America with my girlfriend, Natalie after which we moved here to Fresno to be close to her family and re-establish ourselves. I’ve been working here and there, mostly for Charestcorp which has been a great experience for me, they’ve treated me well. While I am currently looking for work in architecture, and I know that it’s not a good time to be doing that in Fresno, I am excited about our future here. I am finding a lot about Fresno to like.
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Dan Stark

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Please join me in welcoming Dan to Fresno

If you are or know someone in the architecture field new to the area contact us.

It can be hard to realize how entrenched and polarized some arguments have become. Then someone witty comes along & turns the argument on it’s head.

That is what happened today when THE FRESNAN (who we’ve highlighted before) wrote a fantastic satire of a post that throws all the much debated changes to the Fulton Mall up North to the River Park pedestrian mall. Simple by changing the context we see the 40 year old argument anew.

The comments are an integral part of the post because predictably readers took it seriously.

Our hats are off to you Mike a blog well done.

Wandering around downtown, you never know what you’ll discover.

For instance, I spotted this hole in the ground downtown. At the corner of L St. & Tuolumne. Two backhoes and a bobcat sit resting after the destruction. They’re going to have to dig their way out.

What was a building is now sculptural piles of broken concrete and twisted rebar.

I’d rather write about construction and what new designs are in store for Fresno.

This was the site of the Cornerstone Youth Center. I’m not sure if it was being used recently. Cornerstone Church is one of the largest property owners in Downtown Fresno. While I don’t know much of the facts, I offer these visuals to explore. Meanwhile I’ll try to find out if Cornerstone still owns the site and plans to develop a new building, or if they sold it to another party that will develop it.

This is what used to be here. Not really an architectural gem, so I’m not sad to see it go.

View Larger Map

Demolition is a complicated concept for me. On one hand the process is somewhat beautiful to me. The is also the creative aspect of imagining what might go in its place. On the other hand, knowing Fresno development, the site may sit vacant for years, another missing tooth in Downtown’s smile.

What do you think should go in this building’s place? What functions should it have? How tall should it be?

The origin of the question “The last of the urban pioneers?” came a few weeks ago as I biked down Fulton to Milano. I noticed a new sign that intrigued me.

It was in the empty lot next to Tokyo Gardens. The building that once stood there was demolished by the City of Fresno due to structural instability. The absentee owner was billed. Since then, Granville Homes purchased the site. They plan to build a mixed use development there. It a great location, next door to the iconic Tokyo Garden and near amenities such as the farmers’ market.

A preliminary design of the project was submitted for Site Plan Review with the City of Fresno on July 6th 2009. The proposal includes 4 linear buildings with exterior stairs and walkways to access 2nd and 3rd floor units. Parking is in a gated lot behind the buildings. The two buildings with Fulton frontage are anchored by commercial space on the ground floor.

While we could discuss this design in more depth there is another side of the project and Granville’s urban developments that is more intriguing. This comes from an Aggregate of what I’ve heard from associates and a conversation with Darius Assemi and Jeff Roberts when they brought a conceptual design to the Tower District Design Review Committee. They are investigating who would live downtown and how many of those people are left. It seems they are concerned that they are reaching the cap of the demographic that rents units from them at Vagabond and H Street Lofts.

A question that seems to be plaguing their minds is: are there anymore urban pioneers to rent the apartments and commercial space. With millions of dollars on the line they are rightly uncomfortable with the “if you build it, they will come” concept. They also want to know what amenities residents would want and how much they’d be willing to pay for them.

To that end Granville is gathering up input from a website and focus groups with existing Vagabond and H Street residents. Two of the residents that participated were Floyd Sanchez and Hilary Malveaux. The dialog was directed by Darius Assemi. Floyd impression of the focus group goal was to “[collect] the resident’s input on things they would like to see in a new development planned for the corner of Amador and Fulton Street.” and “They seemed receptive to specific suggestions and requests. My perception is that overall they tempered their commercial concerns with the community’s concerns well. One thing I was surprised with was the scope of their ambitions with the Amador/Fulton project (next to Tokyo Garden). They plan to do a lot with the space.”

This is further reinforced by a Fresno Bee article on July 28th that states “Almost single-handedly, Reza Assemi is rejuvenating Fresno north of Fulton Mall.” But goes on to demonstrate that downtown housing development is still a lonely path.

It’s a pretty thought, says Robin Kane, a longtime analyst of Fresno’s real estate scene. And it may unfold like that someday. But for now, he says, Uptown, even with the addition of Broadway Lofts, will remain “a niche market.”

Kane gives Assemi high marks for backbone — “he’s got the courage and innovation to do it” — and savvy — “he understands [his] market well.”

Kane says that market is in large part the younger crowd, singles or childless couples, perhaps newcomers from larger cities who yearn for a taste of what they left behind — neighborhoods near taller buildings where it’s easier to buy a painting than a lawn mower.

But, Kane says, Uptown still is too raw to lure a broad array of renters, condo-buyers and major retailers, the engine of truly dynamic inner-city redevelopment. He doesn’t explain it in so many words, but he’s talking about the middle class, that big pool of workaday folks with money and a considerable fondness for security and convenience when it comes to choosing a place to live.

For that reason, Kane says, Assemi probably is destined for a while longer to be a pioneer in Uptown development.

I drafted this post over two weeks ago. And unlike many of the other 20+ drafts I have saved, this one has become more and more relevant. With the closing of Milano on the Fulton Mall, a safe haven for Fresno Creatives for over two years, we have to question our progress. There is even the real threat of urban pioneers becoming disillusioned or even loose the faith

Downtown is not even at a point where it can support small businesses. The discussion goes back to the chicken and the egg. To live downtown, people want big city amenities. To provide big city amenities, businesses need a strong customer base. I say we need eggs by the dozen and a full hen house at the same time.

So what are your thoughts? Have we reached the cap of Downtown Pioneers willing to make sacrifices to build an urban lifestyle in Fresno? What are the hang-ups? Are there any low hanging fruit not being picked?

When will downtown become mainstream? What is that tipping point?

So readers, what is needed for you to take the plunge and move downtown? If you’re an existing resident, what will it take to keep you down there?

The time that we are in now is often compared to the Great Depression. Also links are made between the New Deal, WPA and other programs with the Stimulus Package, American Recovery and Reinvestment Act and other associated programs. I’m not in the position or carry any real expertise to compare and contrast the economics and effectiveness of the programs. However, I’ve been having a thought pattern flowing regarding a direct comparison of the design of those.

While, I wasn’t alive during that time, it seems clear the WPA was visible in communities making things happening and getting people to work. It’s evident in Fresno from the concrete stamped with WPA in the Tower District to the Chandler Airport.

There also seemed to be a concentrated effort to leverage design for education and raising moral. I’ve always been a fan of the depression era WPA posters. And frankly there are allot of them. Good design makes a world of difference.

My point here is the current Stimulus and ERRA do not seem as well branded as the New Deal and WPA. To me it seems that there should be more educational graphic content on the street. Perhaps that is why many in this country struggle to understand exactly what the program is doing and how it effects us.

Compare these two signs. The one on the left uses 1 icon, 2 logos and 13 words to convey it’s message. The one on the right clearly conveys is message with only 2 words and 2 acronyms which is also its logo. Please share your thoughts on this topic.

While searching for a news article from the Fresno Bee, I stumbled upon an amazing resource. It was a webpage called Super Signage Fresno, CA. I’ve had a little obsession about signage for the past couple of months.

Unfortunately, THE FRESNAN stole my thunder and posted this early today. He pulled it from my twitter feed when I discovered the site yesterday. Mike has become an archop groupie giving the site his Bloggiest Moment of the Week for two weeks in a row. With lots of link love, I’ll let this one pass. But Mike, remember, the built environment is the realm of archop, stray too far and we will school you.

Now that that little blog warfare is out of the way… Digging deeper into the site called www.agilitynut.com, we see that Deborah Jane has collected an amazing inventory of Roadside Architecture from across the country. You can search type and even browse signage by place. There are even a sampling some of my favorite architectural styles including Art Deco and Mid-Century. I have not read much about the author yet. So, I’m wondering what is her method is for collecting all of this data. But one thing is sure, we’ll continue to use it at a resource.

In the sampling of Art Deco architecture. I saw this building. While slurping some Pho you may have noticed this architectural gem called the Ivory Tower. “The Ivory Tower stands in the parking lot of the Mayfair Shopping Center. The shopping center was built in 1945 and has since been remodeled. This remaining structure was used as the Administration Building and might also have contained a clothes shop.”

Take some time exploring the site. I’m sure it not comprehensive, so what are your favorites? What was missed?

I’m amazing in how much articulation there used to be in signage. It was part of the architecture not just the lighted boxed with replaceable copy that is so prevalent today. How do we get back to that? Where are the missed opportunities?

Today, I received a copy of BLDGBLOG BOOK by Geoff Manaugh. I was intending to purchase a copy through Amazon, but then the economy caught up with me. Luckily, Mike Osegueda writer with the Fresno Bee and blogger for FresnoBeeHive received a press copy from Chronicle Books. Through twitter mikeoz wrote “i got it in the mail yesterday. (I get all kinds of odd books). i’ll give it to you.”

And indeed it is a weird book. BLDGBLOG began as a blog focused on but not limited to architecture. While we are familiar with old media going to new media. However New media going to old media? A blog becoming a book? To top it off it’s on my favorite topic: architecture and the built and unbuilt environment.

Why is this a theory thursday? Well with a table of contents like 1)Architecture, Conjecture, Urban Speculation; 2)The Underground; 3)Redesigning the Sky; 4)Music Sound Noise; and 5)Landscape Futures; you can imagine it is chock full of theory. I plan to fully explore the ideas and blog/review about it as I go.

I hope Geoff Manaugh will forgive me for not purchasing his book. Maybe he’ll forgive me for putting a press copy to good use and hopefully inspiring some Fresnans to purchase a copy.

Here is the abstract:

Far from being limited to the construct of our built environment, architecture has long been considered a venue for tracing human thought – how we perceive and judge our world is recognizable in the buildings we create. Challenging us to look beyond the present paths of thinking and into the future of architecture is Geoff Manaugh, creator of the popular website BLDGBLOG.

Read by millions since its launch in 200, BLDGBLOG is the leading voice in speculation about architecture, landscape and the built environment. Now The BLDGBLOG Book distills author Geoff Manaugh’s unique ideas, offering an enthusiastic guide to the future of architecture, with stunning images and exclusive new content. From underground exploration to climate change, via the music of icebergs, J. G. Ballard, and tectonic warfare, this is a fascinating and unpredictable.”

Also inspiring is the first paragraph:

I started BLDGBLOG in the summer of 2004, inspired more or less by four things: I was writing a novel about surveillance, terrorism, independent film, and the London Underground; I was auditing a course about Archigram, the 1960s British pop-architectural supergroup that once dreamt of bolt-on instant cities, “mobile villages,” and inflatable utopias; I was reading a lot of J. G. Ballard (Super-Cannes, Concrete Island, The Drowned World, Crash); and I was feeling generally hemmed in by the city in which I lived. Whil my initial impulse might have been to complain – noting every little thing about the world that bothered me – I decided, in fact, to do the opposite: I made a conscious decision to write only about the things that interested me.

For those of you unable to attend, M. W. Steele Group presented the following 1st draft of the Tower District streetscape master plan to the community meeting Tuesday night for feed back. Click on the images to zoom in.

I’ve decided just to post the plans here and not issue an opinion. Feel free to discuss here and I’ll try to answer any questions you have. On a side note, there is an essay I wrote about the Tower District and public space in 2005 that was a finalist for the Berkeley Prize. The full version isn’t online but check out the abstract.

For opinions and discussions focused mainly on the proposed traffic circles see:

The Anthro Guys
Gustav’s Groupie
Fresno Beehive

Related posts:
Tower District Streetscape Plan
Q & A with Diego Velasco
Tower District Streetscape charrette video
Critique: Tower District Streetscape Design Charrette

Hank Delcore, Ph.D., and Kiel Famellos-Schmidt
also found at http://theanthroguys.com

Saturday from 10am to 2pm, about a hundred Tower District residents and business owners gathered for a design charrette put on by the City of Fresno planning department and MW Steele Group. Steele has the contract for planning a redesigned Tower District streetscape as part of the Tower District Specific Plan. Saturday’s event was a day of community input, with Steele returning this Tuesday night to present some design alternatives.

We laud City Councilman Blong Xiong, the city, various Tower District advocates, and the Steele Group for putting on this event. Mark Steele and his team listened, took some hard questions, and were willing to engage in some good give and take.

As professionals in participatory design and community design methods, we also noted some things about the program that can inhibit the quality of community input and seriously limit the degree of real community participation in the design process. This critique is intended to increase the quality of design charrettes and community input in Fresno as well as raise awareness about the potential of participatory design.

Expert focus of the event
The organizers stated that the day was all about the participants, but in practice, the more consistent emphasis was on the expert status of the architects/planners vis a vis the participants. After an introductory presentation on the distinctiveness of the Tower by two long-time Tower advocates, Mark Steele took the stage and talked mostly about his firm and their approach to the project. He presented his goals for the project, despite acknowledging that the day was about understanding our goals and aspirations. His associate, Diego Velasco, followed with the firm’s views of the strengths and challenges of the Tower District – again, topics that the charrette was supposed to probe. Expert statements are not the best way to begin an event meant to foster community participation in the planning and design process.

It wasn’t until 11:15am that the twelve tables of participants were unleashed on the first design drill. By that time, some participants had already turned their attention away from the stage and were fingering the maps, stickers and other supplies on the tables. An hour is too long for facilitators to dominate the stage at a four hour event. The long lead-in both cut down the time for participants by a quarter, and set a strong expert-focused – not participant-focused – tone.

Diversity
The tower district is a very diverse place. It is called home by many including: African American, Asian, Caucasian, Latino, young and old, the progressive community, and the GBLTQ community. Economically, there is a mix of home owners and renters, working class through upper class and even homeless. As well, Tower is a destination for those throughout Fresno and beyond in search of unique cultural, entertainment and dining experiences.

The participants at the charrette were overwhelmingly white and weighted toward local property and business owners; the average age looked to be about 50. Conspicuously absent were youths and Latinos, two large and important resident/user groups in the Tower. Tower visitors from other neighborhoods were also missing. Those who attended are important, but they are already the most likely people to have their voices and preferences heard in this process, and they have a partial view of issues at stake in the streetscape. For example, there were probably relatively fewer public transportation users among the participants than some other Tower constituencies, an important point when it comes to redesigning bus stops and associated features like sidewalks and bike racks.

Tight format, short time
For each design drill, the participants had 15 minutes to work through complex issues, like recommending placement of street furniture and other features all across the Tower District business core. Each exercise time was followed by 30 minutes of often repetitive presentations from each table to the entire group. The design charrette had us wrestling with important and potentially highly creative design issues, but the format was too tight.
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Constrained approach to community participation
Finally, with the design alternatives meeting coming up Tuesday, we wonder how much of Saturday’s charrette can really be incorporated into the process. Again, we agree that Mark Steele and his colleagues (and by extension the city) are sincerely trying to listen. But it’s hard to believe that Steele and company didn’t already have some designs in mind or drawn up before the charrette. If not, then they would have to work day and night from Saturday afternoon till Tuesday night to synthesize ideas from a hundred participants and come up with some design alternative to present – and even then, this time frame is probably too tight. Surely they are working with the charrette data right now, but they also probably had some designs already laid on and ready for their return to Fresno Tuesday night. This raises the question: how much community input can really be incorporated when the goals, strengths, challenges and preliminary design work have all already been done before the community is consulted? (In fairness, Mark has said that the design alternatives they will present Tuesday night will not be very detailed; we’re sincerely curious about the firm’s process for analyzing charrette data and incorporating it into their designs.)

What We Would Do
In our experience, facilitating dozens of participatory design charrettes, as well as observation of other charrettes and research of best practices, here’s how a truly participatory design charrette might look:

Participant focus
At one point Saturday, Mark Steele said, “today we’re gonna make you into streetscape designers.” In other words, the experts were ready to teach us how to do something of what they do. But a community design event shouldn’t be about transferring knowledge about design practice from experts to community members. Instead, we start from the principle that everyone is a designer already, without expert help. In other words, we all have design ideas and practices related to our surroundings, including our streetscapes. A community design charrette should be aimed at unlocking the design insights we already have (or could have, in the right context), and making those insights available to professional designers. Professional designers apply their experience and expertise to produce the actual design, inspired by community input.

In practice, a participant focus means that you deemphasize the role of expert or facilitator. No long and potentially intimidating statements of who has what degree or affiliation or expertise; instead, you dive right into the participatory design exercises and maximize the time that the participants have at center stage.

Recruitment means diversity
If you open the event up to “concerned citizens and business owners,” you tend to get a self-selected group of the usual suspects, as we saw on Saturday. Instead, we recommend targeted recruitment among all user groups to ensure a diversity of participants in the design process. This of course takes more work upfront in recruiting and screening. The result is much more useful data that can more accurately influence the design process.

Loosen up the format, take your time
Getting true participation takes time and flexibility. We would have recommended a series of three participatory design charrettes, with smaller yet more diverse participants, and more creative exercises involving, perhaps, larger scale prototyping and methods drawn from theatre and the arts — this is after all the Tower! (Diego said that they considered a skit-making exercise but time constraints precluded it.) Participants could act out common Tower interactions with streetscape props. Examples we bounced around included: the bus stop, the sidewalk café, the tower rat hangout, bar hopping, Rogue, etc. This would give the designers data about our culture and spatial needs. Using audio and visual recording, can capture both the data and the process through which it was produced for later analysis.

Another method we thought would be useful is to have different tables focus on different areas of the project area. With twelve tables of participants at the event all focused on the same design drills never more focused than the entire project area, a lot of redundant results were produced. The area is easily broken into six overlapping parts. Each area is then worked on by two tables. This would get all of the project area equal focus. At Hank’s table and the three tables Kiel facilitated, we noticed input was light at the edges. Also at the 1”=30’ scale aerial photo that was the last of the design drills, it was hard to definitively place streetscape elements and furniture represented by stickers in our tool pallet that included: sidewalk cafes, potted plants, streetlights, handicap ramps, benches, bike racks, etc.

Some of these measures would increase costs at the event level. However, we have Fresno-area expertise to accomplish participatory design and planning work and the savings from keeping the work local would more than pay for the changes we suggest.

True participation
Let’s face it, whenever we create something, we become wedded to it: we want to defend it, sometimes not even consciously. From talking with Mark, and Diego, observing how the community was prompted, and the tight timeline, it seems much of the design is already in place. Community consultation should take place before any designer digs into a project or puts pencil to paper.

While we value and honor the expertise of MW Steele Group and the work done by the City of Fresno and the Tower community, this is our honest assessment of the design charrette process and how it could be improved upon. Please attend the next meeting Tuesday, July 28th 7-9pm at Roger Rocka’s Dinner Theatre, where the design alternatives will be presented.

Related posts
Tower District Streetscape Plan
Q & A with Diego Velasco
Tower District Streetscape charrette video
Bored in Fresno? Become an Anthropologist
ArcHop Construction Proceeds

Video courtesy of Business Street Online.

related posts: Tower District Streetscape Plan and Q&A with Diego Velasco

This Saturday 10am – 2pm at Roger Rockas Dinner Theatre there is a community design charrette for the Tower District Streetscape Plan. The architecture and planning firm coordinating the design charrette is M. W. Steele Group along with assistance from members of the Tower District Marketing Committee, Tower District Design Review Committee and City of Fresno Planning Department.

Diego Velasco Assoc. AIA, LEED AP with the M. W. Steele Group will be conducting the process tomorrow. Below he answers our questions regarding the upcoming community design charrette:

KS: What can community members expect at the community meeting? I assume this is a design charrette type setup. What kind of activities will we be doing?

DV: Folks can expect to have a fun time. We have prepared a series of “design drills” to help engage participants and walk them through the steps that we, as designers, often take in the design process. We will start the workshop with a powerpoint presentation that will highlight the fundamentals of streetscape design and key streetscape elements. Our first exercise will be a classic brainstorming session to get the juices flowing and give folks an opportunity to express their ideas, visions, and concerns. The next “drill” will be a mapping of the tower district, where we will ask everyone to identify some of the key existing conditions of the area, and finally, in the last exercise we will roll up our sleeves and get to work, proposing ideas and potential designs for the three streets we have been asked to consider: olive, fern and wishon. To assist stakeholders in this, we have prepared a series of icon stickers that depict streetscape elements (such as benches, trees, waste bins, etc.) and some cutouts of potential streetscape designs (such as bike lanes, sidewalk cafes, pop-outs, etc.). We will also have color markers and trace paper for the more adventurous, and plenty of opportunities for folks to write comments or ideas (if they prefer more anonymity).

KS: What are your goals for the outcome of the meeting? What would make it a success?

DV: We often say that as the urban design consultant we are really only the conductor, and the stakeholders are the orchestra. The quality of the music that results is highly dependent on the energy and efforts of the orchestra. We do not approach a project as an opportunity to impose our ideas, but rather, believe our role is primarily to demonstrate to folks the range of possibilities and common practices, so that they can decide what works best in their neighborhood. Our hope is that people will come out of this feeling energized and enthusiastic about the future potential of the Tower and ready to implement some of the good ideas.

KS: What is the time line after the meeting?

DV: We will take all the information gathered at the first workshop and synthesize it into a set of guiding principles, which we will use to guide our design proposals. We then will return to the community on Tuesday evening for a second workshop, where we will show some design alternatives and get deeper into the specifics of the streetscape elements and design. We hope to get a good direction as to a preferred alternative or a combination of preferred options, and will take that back to our office and develop the design in greater detail. We have tentatively scheduled a third workshop at the end of August, beginning of September, to come back to the public and present a draft streetscape design plan for comment. Beyond that, the schedule is in the hands of the City of Fresno Planning Department.

KS: Being from San Diego, what strategies will you use to ensure the final design is authentic to Fresno?

DV: The most important strategy is always to listen, listen, listen. We have several projects in our portfolio that are outside of San Diego (including the El Dorado Park Plan here in Fresno). We have found that the best way to ensure authenticity and preserve a local flavor is to research as much as possible about the area, engage meaningfully with the community, and be willing to make revisions when we don’t get it right. One idea we have come away with is that we need to engage the local arts community to help incorporate public art in the streetscape design. This may be a good way to highlight the unique “funkiness” of the Tower.

KS: What is the product that you’ll be delivering to the City of Fresno?

DV: We never fully know what the product will be until we have completed the workshops. However, in general we will complete a streetscape plan that will include a summary of the ideas and concerns expressed in the workshops, a design plan for each of the three street segments in our project area, a series of perspective “vignettes” or renderings depicting the key concepts, a palette of streetscape elements appropriate for the area, some discussion about streetscape best practices and references.

KS: What are some projects in your resume that are similar to the Tower District Streetscape Plan?

DV: We have designed some major avenues in the City of National City, we also prepared streetscape designs for the San Diego Naval Training Center Reuse and Precise Plan and for the Yokohl Ranch Town Center Design Guidelines.

Like Diego said , so please attend the workshop Saturday, July 25, 10:00 am – 2:00 pm at Roger Rockas Dinner Theatre (1226 N. Wishon just North of Olive Ave.) Bring your energy, bring your ideas.

Diego’s bio from http://mwsteele.com:

Diego brings a broad view of architecture to MW Steele Group since joining the firm in 2007. With degrees in city planning and urban planning, he approaches design as an all inclusive process. As an integral part of our urban design and planning practice, he has opportunity to include architecture, urban design, landscape architecture and planning to some degree in each project. This connective way of thinking makes him flexible, and diverse in his skills. Diego’s ability to conceptualize projects, whether detailed and technical or more broad in nature makes him an asset to any project team.

Diego has worked in private practice as well as with municipal planning and development agencies, giving him an understanding of both sides of the planning process. He is technically adept with graphic software programs as well as being an exceptional artist in hand drawing. Diego’s talents have been recognized with several honors and design awards.

Diego Graduated from the University of Washington with a Master’s degree in Urban Design in 2006 and the University of California, Berkeley with a Bachelor’s degree in Architecture in 1999.

Dear Archop Nation,

I was intrigued by the recent ‘Theory Thursday’ post concerning the concept of authenticity. Below is my attempt to further the discussion.

The notion of authenticity has in it the idea of a pure, genuine original, a sort of Platonic ideal – ‘this is an authentic 1952 Tops Mickey Mantle Rookie card, all others are copies, replicas, or fakes’. A thing’s authenticity is a measure of its faithfulness to the original; and its value is measured by the degree to which it approximates the original. The authentic rookie baseball card is a far greater prize than the re-issued anniversary edition.

Applying this model of authenticity to the built environment sheds light on a notion of authenticity that enables us to assess the building’s value. If an exact replica of the Eiffel tower were erected today in Buenos Aires, it is doubtful that it would become the same symbol of national identity and pride for Argentinians that it has for Parisians.

If the London bridge was removed from its original location and reconstructed in Lake Havasu City, Arizona –then it would be an abhorrent grafting that stripped a historic structure of any meaningful contextual significance.

Rootedness

What is clear from the above examples is that the measure of a building’s authenticity is inseparably wed to its time, its place, its people, its cultural milieu. It is not so much the degree of faithfulness to the original that matters, but, rather, the degree to which a building is faithful to the environment in which it exists. It is this notion of “rootedness” that provides us with a meaningful tool for assessing the value of authenticity for a built work.

Perhaps no living architect embodies this notion of “rootedness” better than the Australian architect Glenn Murcutt. When asked what idea he is most concerned with communicating to his students, Mercut replied:

They must think that every project they do is worthy of being. Their work has to speak about place, technology, climate, structure, materials. They must work honestly, with heart and mind, rather than structuring what is a visual delight alone. Their work has to have roots. I think what we admire
most about architecture of all periods is rootedness, authenticity. We recognize authenticity, and we recognize the five-minute flash. The authentic lives on; the flash quickly dies.

Almost all of Mercutt’s work has been done in his native geographic region. He does not have a single high rise, flashy concert hall or show piece museum on his resume, yet he has received the two highest professional honors that can be bestowed upon an architect – the AIA Gold Medal and the Pritzker Prize. What he has left is a trail of thoughtful, progressive, sustainable ‘gifts’ to his clients and fellow Australians. I offer his Marie Short House, built in Kempsey in 1975, as a model of an authentic building rooted in its environment. A May 2007 New York Times article entitled “The Native Builder” features the building.

Our challenge as designers will be two-fold. First, we must study, comprehend and recognize what is unique to our culture, our area, our people. Second, we must share and celebrate these findings in the public forum that is our local built environment. Beauty will have no choice but to follow; and we will all have reason to smile. I will be listening with open eyes and mind.

Humbly,

Michael Pinheiro

Today an announcement was made regarding the future of the Tower District Streetscape and upcoming community design charrette.

The announcement was posted on the Tower Exchange by Will Tackett with the City of Fresno Planning and Development Department. A mailer was also sent to all residences and businesses within the Tower Districts boundaries (Shields to 180, Fruit to Blackstone). The announcement is below:

Community Charrette – Tower District Streetscape Capital Improvement

We’re renovating Olive Avenue and neighboring streets, and we need your input!

The City has allocated funds for the creation of a Streetscape Plan for the commercial area of the Tower District. The plan will include improvements such as
• New Sidewalks
• Bike Racks
• Lighting
• Trees
• Public Art
….and anything else we come up with!

Our plan will be developed by everyone attending the community meetings, and we want to include your opinions and ideas, so please put these dates on your calendar.

Let’s get together and create a great community plan!

Saturday, July 25, 10:00 am – 2:00 pm: Visioning Workshop to develop design alternatives
Tuesday, July 28, 7:00 – 9:00 p.m: Workshop to select a preferred alternative and develop the design concepts

Both meetings will take place at Roger Rocka’s Dinner Theatre (1226 N. Wishon).

For more information,
call 497-8362

M. W. Steele Group is the architecture and planning firm from San Diego that was selected for the project through an RFP process in September of 2008. They will be coordinating the design charrette along with members of the Tower District Marketing Committee and Tower District Design Review Committee.

All available Tower residents and regulars should attend this meeting and give your input. This post will be updated with experiences at the meeting.

disclaimer: I am a Tower District resident, property owner and membe of the Tower District Design Review Committee.

Today on the Fresno City Council agenda is a proposal by Mayor Ashley Swearengin to amending the Fresno Municipal Code relating to the Historic Preservation Commission.

That is not as drastic as it may sound and maybe a good modification. In fact, her bid for election as mayor was supported by several prominent local architects. With that and their continued advisement, Mayor Swearengin is well suited for improving Fresno’s built environment and making changes to City policy to support that.

The proposal by the Mayor is to amend the Historic Preservation Ordinance that governs the Commission to clarify residency requirements.

“The proposed amendment to Fresno Municipal Code Section 12-1605 would require five (5) of the seven (7) members of the Historic Preservation Commission to be a resident of the City of Fresno, but would allow two (2) of the seven (7) commission members, as long as they had the historical background described in Section 12-1605, to reside outside of Fresno but within the State of California.”

The story broke Monday through The Business Journal. This proposal was not a surprise given what I’d heard in the City Hall Lobby after the June meeting of the Commission. I had been there to report about 1, 2 items in front of the commission during that meeting. The commission has all 7 seats currently filled. However, 2 commisioners terms (4 years) are expired. It was a frustration of the preservation community during the Autry administration that there was never a full commission. There has been a change from that with the Swearengin administration, as 3 new members have been appointed since she took office.

Architect and commission co-chair, Chris Johnson AIA stated that:

“My understanding is that filling this commission with the energy and expertise needed to sustain it over a long haul is the issue. Protecting Fresno’s history goes beyond the city ‘boundaries’ and ‘limits’ and currently the Mayor is precluded by the city attorney at having individuals that do not live in the City limits serve on the HPC.” A co-author of the current Ordinance, Johnson continues, “There is no language clarifying this issue in the ordinance so the language proposed will provide clarity and give the Mayor more flexibility to fill the commission with the best possible candidates in and around Fresno.”

If you’re in to this kinda stuff, here is a PDF of the current Historic Preservation Ordinance. And here is a PDF of the Mayor’s proposed amendment to the Ordinance.

The County of Fresno also has a historic preservation counterpart. But I must admit I know little about it. Historical Landmarks & Records Commission

Share your thoughts here:

What are the benefits or pitfalls of allowing county residents on this City Commission?

Could this create more City / County cross pollination?

Could this set precedent for other City of Fresno commissions such as the Planning Commission?

What is needed to spur more civic engagement so that there is actually competition for these commission appointments?

Post updated 7/16/09 with facts from Kevin Enns-Rempel’s comment.

To build without engaging the “cluster” is impossible. To design without engaging the “cluster” is a missed opportunity.

Though it had been published several years prior, I can recall being captivated by the notion of “clusters” in Michael Porter’s article in the Harvard Business Review called “Clusters And The New Economics of Competition”. As Porter has described it, clusters are geographic concentration of interconnected companies and institutions in a particular field. As I had interpreted it, the “architecture cluster” is the network of interrelated professionals – with whom I was responsible to be exchanging information with.

As architects, we are traditionally very good at exchanging information among our peers – essentially only a single sector within the “architecture cluster.” This phenomenon can perhaps be traced back to our days in studio when the entire design process was transparent to our colleagues, professors and critics alike. This form of information exchange is embedded in our working models and should remain. However, where I see huge potential for improvement is within the “architecture cluster.”

Recognizing the value that other professionals can add to our design process is the first step. As mentioned, architecture can not be realized without the participation of interrelated disciplines such as; finance, development, engineering, planning, environmental sciences, marketing, journalism, product design, product suppliers, construction, etc. We share space within the “architecture cluster” with these professionals but too often exclude them from the design process.

In Porter’s article, he draws upon the example of the California Wine Cluster. Among the 680 commercial wineries, it includes grape growers, suppliers, irrigation utilities, harvesting equipment suppliers, label printers, advertising firms, etc. Recognizing all too well that without one of these components, the availability of wine to the consumer would be compromised.

Admittedly, it will most often be the architect’s responsibility to organize and engage the related disciplines when working on a new project but with digital communication and social media marketing tools available to us today, this is significantly easier to organize and facilitate.

As always, I welcome the opportunity for this to be more of an open dialogue. Perhaps a suggestion to others who are contributing to this topic to think back on projects in which information was exchanged within the “architecture cluster” and how beneficial the information was to the help deliver a successful project……….

In addition to the L Street & San Joaquin Avenue proposal, also on Monday’s agenda of the City of Fresno Historic Preservation Commission was the proposed demolition of three properties on Broadway Avenue near Tuolumne. The three building were not on any historic registry. However, in a historic survey of the area they were found to be contributors to a potential historic district called Broadway Auto Row. The district included a strip of buildings that where once used as Car showrooms parts suppliers and repair shops.

View Larger Map

The proposed demolition was brought to the Commission by owners Will Dyke and Reza Assemi. Reza developed a building across the street called Broadway Studios which features a restored facade containing 3 commercial spaces in front and 20+ artist work studios in the back.

The discussion by the Commission did get heated and even jumped to the controversial demolition by Will Dyke of the Nationally Registered Ice House Building. (1, 2, 3, 4) At one point architect and commissioner said “Downtown keeps getting it teeth knocked out.” Also as coauthor of Fresno’s Historic Preservation Ordinance, he disagreed with staff abou the intent of the Ordinance.

The only action the committee could talk was to recomend the the buildings are individually eligable for the Local Registry. That is a higher threshold than a building that is a contributor to a historic district. It was a 4 to 2 vote to not rocomend the buildings for the Local Registry. That vote cleared the path for Will and Reza to pull a demolition pemit for the three buildings.

I had written about the demolition of the two buildings next door to these properties. The building on the end was commonly known as the Nightmare Building. On Fresno Famous the post was title Eulogy of the Nightmare.

Today is the City of Fresno Historic Preservation Commission meeting. There are several interesting items on the agenda, but I’d like to focus on one. Darius Assemi of Granville Homes has asked to meet with the Commission to present a conceptual plan for a mixed-use project at the corner of L Street and San Joaquin Avenue in downtown.

click for larger image

The report to the Commission states that Assemi is seeking Commission and public input prior to incurring additional research and expense. If you are not familiar with the Assemi family and Granville Homes, they have made substantial investments in Downtown, specifically in the Cultural Arts District.

I believe we are at a point in development in downtown Fresno that the question is no longer “development or no development?” The question now is “How do we measure successful development?”

Last week I posted theory thursday: authenticity alluding to some projects that do not evoke authenticity. I believe that this project falls into that category. Some of the things that triggered this is that the proposal included two styles which remind me much more of tract home models than that historic Art & Crafts and Italianate which they are named for. Below are the renderings included in the proposal.

Arts & Crafts

Italianate

While this neighborhood has many vacant even severely damaged buildings, several are historic. And the common style represented is Colonial Revival of various forms. Beyond missing the mark historically, I’m of the philosophy that building faux historic buildings near real historic buildings is actually detrimental to the built environment.

There are several reasons I believe this: The level of craftsmanship of the historic resources is unmatched by the economics of and process building today; the history a neighborhood should be a patchwork of different eras leading to today’s contemporary buildings. This should be easily read. By building cheap knock offs of yesterdays buildings today with foam details once hand carved out of solid wood history become very muddy for the passerby.

A contemporary building in this location should take cues from its surroundings. What is the scale of its neighboring buildings? Is there a rhythm set by how the land was parceled? What are the materials used? How do the buildings address the street? All of these elements can help a new building fit into the context of its surrounding without trying to mimic the past.

Beyond style, the planning of the project should be such it builds community. Street life is essential as is pedestrian focus. The plan proposed feels much more like a gated apartment complex. That does not fit the downtown context.

In summery, I encourage Granville Home to continue investing Downtown, however this proposed project marks a turn in the wrong direction.

UPDATE 6-23-09

The Historic Preservation Commission meeting was interesting. I was surprised how willing the commission was to accept the fact that the 3 historic buildings on the site of the Granville proposal would most likely be demolished. They were more interested in preserving the buildings on the West side of the street that were outside the bounds of the proposal.

I found some glimmer of hope in a comment made by architect and commissioner, Chris Johnson AIA “This is not the Historic DemolishionCommission.”

To Mr Assemi’s credit he was open to all input about the design. Comments from the public including a member of the Fulton/Lowell Design Review Committee, a former HPC Commissioner Cam Maloy, and even Historic Preservation project manager, Karana Hattersly-Drayton, were in favor of a third alternative not shown above.

The third design broke the long building in two with a pedestrian walkway and each building used detail elements pulled from different styles. Most notably was a center building that quoted the parapet detail from the Helm Home on the west side of the street. Granville is also planning to renovate the Helm Home.

I spoke publicly about some of the design concerns that I had that are listed above. My comments focused around authenticity, trying to preserve at least one of the building as an anchor to the project and some of the urban planning issues that needed to be addressed regarding activating the street with entry porches activating the street.

The Commission formed a subcommittee that will further advise Granville Homes about the design

I’ve been hearing/reading alot about BLDGBLOG lately. So today I poked my head in the check out their site. Today’s post is titled “London Yields, Harvested” It was in reference to an event called “London Yields: Getting Urban Agriculture off the Ground” a kind of workshop covering how to get urban agriculture in London.

So here I am in Fresno, California. Above the soil capable of growing a great diversity of plants. In a climate with one of the longest growing seasons outside the tropics. About the harvest the corn growing in my front yard. And I think if London can get moving on urban agriculture, then Fresno can.

So where do we start?

The first thing BLDGBLOG mentioned was “become public policy”. This is a big one for Fresno because every one of our community gardens seems to be met with resistance from police or code enforcement in the City of Fresno.

There also needs to be the organization and popular support. Fresno Metro Ministries has some recomendations.

What do you think? Could be an urban farmer? Do you have a sunny spot and a few hours a week to tend?

And an important question would yo take a hands on class that I’m going to teach next spring about urban agriculture?